Глаголът "to have" | dLambow

 

Глаголът "to have" в английски език- The Verb “to have” (to have got)

 

The Verb “to have”

Като самостоятелен глагол “to have” има следните форми:

 

в сегашно време (Simple Present) —have и has.

• I have
• You have
• Hе (She, It) has
• We have
• You have
• They have

в минало време (Simple Past) — had,

• I had
• You had
• Hе (She, It) had
• We had
• You had
• They had

в бъдеще време (Simple Future) — shall have, will have.

• I shall have
• You will have
• Hе (She, It) will have
• We shall have
• You will have
• They will have

 

Или за по-голяма нагледност, горното изразено в таблица би изглеждало така:
Спрежение на глагола to have в сегашно, минало и бъдеще време - таблица:

сегашно               време		минало        време	бъдеще            време
I have You have Hе has She has It has We have You have They have		had	shall have will have

Значение на глагола “to have”

Глаголът "to have" (или "хаве", както често му казват някои българи) означава — имам, владея, притежавам. В разговорната реч вместо have, has често се използват have got, has got (чийто кратки форми са  've got и 's got), които имат същото значение, особено когато става дума за временно владеене или за току-що придобит (и) предмет(и):

• I've got a nice flat. — Имам хубав апартамент.
• Have you got any pets? — Имате ли домашни любимци?
• Yes, a dog and a cat. — Да, куче и котка.

В британския английски  — във въпросителните изречения, глагола to have често стои пред подлога.
В американския английски — въпросителното и отрицателното изречения винаги се образуват с помоща на спомагателния глагол do.

• Have you two sons? (брит.)
• Do you have a lot of free time? (амер.)

Отрицателна форма

Отрицанието се изразява с формата на глагола to have с отрицателната частица not или с отрицателното местоимение no.

• I haven't got a pen.
• I have got no pen here.

Където:

• has not = hasn't
• have not = haven't

Спрежение на глагола have в Present Tense в таблица

Утвърдителна форма

• I have (I've)
  you have (you've)
  he has (he's)
  she has (she's)
  it has (it's)
  we have (we've)
  you have (you've)
  they have (they've)

Отрицателна форма

• I have not (haven't)
  you have not (haven't)
  he has not (hasn't)
  she has not (hasn't)
  it has not (hasn't)
  we have not (haven't)
  you have not (haven't)
  they have not (haven't)

Въпросителна форма

• Have I?
  Have you?
  Has he?
  Has she?
  Has it?
  Have we?
  Have you?
  Have they?
  

Спрежение на глагола have в Past Tense в таблица

Утвърдителна форма

• I had (I'd)
  you had (you'd)
  he had (he'd)
  she had (she'd)
  it had
  we had (we'd)
  you had (you'd)
  they had (they'd)

Отрицателна форма

• I had not (hadn't)
  you had not (hadn't)
  he had not (hadn't)
  she had not (hadn't)
  it had not (hadn't)
  we had not (hadn't)
  you had not (hadn't)
  they had not (hadn't)

Въпросителна форма

• Had I?
  Had you?
  Had he?
  Had she?
  Had it?
  Had we?
  Had you?
  Had they?
  

А сега ето и обобщението:

(+)

• He has a book.
• He has got a book.
• He has a book.

(-)

• He doesn't have a book.
• He hasn't got в book.
• He has no book.

(?)

• Does he have a book?
• Has he got a book?
• Has he a book?

Някои разпространени съчетания с "to have":

• to have a lesson — посещавам урок
• to have a lecture — посещавам лекция
• to have a meeting — посещавам събрание

• to have breakfast — закусвам
• to have lunch — обядвам
• to have dinner — вечерям

• to have a rest — почивам
• to have a swim — плувам
• to have a wash — пера

• to have a drink — пия питие
• to have a cigarett — пуша цигара
• to have a day off  — имам почивен ден

----------------